父母职业是儿童喘息和哮喘的危险因素
2010/08/20
关键词：儿童；面粉；工作；双亲；喘息
为了调查儿童喘息和哮喘与双亲的职业的关系，Tagiyeva等对0～102个月大的儿童进行了一项出生队列研究，研究父母职业与喘息、哮喘、通气功能、气道反应性和过敏症之间的关系。
研究在孩子出生前采集了11,193位母亲和9,473父亲的工作情况，以及孩子出生后采集了4,631位母亲和5,315位父亲的工作情况。
研究结果显示，儿童期呼吸状况与双亲职业性接触二异氰酸酯、胶/树脂、染料、动物尘、焊接剂、酵素（酶）和木屑等无关。但母亲在产后职业性接触橡胶或杀虫剂/杀菌剂等可能增加儿童期喘息和哮喘的发生。大剂量接触橡胶或杀虫剂/杀菌剂等增加儿童期喘息发病的OR分别为1.26 (95% CI , 1.07–1.50) 和1.22 (95% CI , 1.02–2.05)，而同时接触橡胶或杀虫剂/杀菌剂两种污染增加儿童喘息发病的OR 为1.22 (95% CI, 1.03–1.43)。另外，双亲职业性粉尘高水平暴露也可增加喘息或哮喘的发病率，OR分别为2.31 (95% CI, 1.05–5.10)和3.23 (95% CI, 1.34–7.79)。
根据研究结果，作者认为，父母职业性接触橡胶或杀虫剂/杀菌剂或粉尘可增加儿童哮喘的发病率。
研究在孩子出生前采集了11,193位母亲和9,473父亲的工作情况，以及孩子出生后采集了4,631位母亲和5,315位父亲的工作情况。
研究结果显示，儿童期呼吸状况与双亲职业性接触二异氰酸酯、胶/树脂、染料、动物尘、焊接剂、酵素（酶）和木屑等无关。但母亲在产后职业性接触橡胶或杀虫剂/杀菌剂等可能增加儿童期喘息和哮喘的发生。大剂量接触橡胶或杀虫剂/杀菌剂等增加儿童期喘息发病的OR分别为1.26 (95% CI , 1.07–1.50) 和1.22 (95% CI , 1.02–2.05)，而同时接触橡胶或杀虫剂/杀菌剂两种污染增加儿童喘息发病的OR 为1.22 (95% CI, 1.03–1.43)。另外，双亲职业性粉尘高水平暴露也可增加喘息或哮喘的发病率，OR分别为2.31 (95% CI, 1.05–5.10)和3.23 (95% CI, 1.34–7.79)。
根据研究结果，作者认为，父母职业性接触橡胶或杀虫剂/杀菌剂或粉尘可增加儿童哮喘的发病率。
（韩伟 青岛大学附属青岛市立医院东院 266071 摘译）
（Eur Respir J 2010; 35:987-993）
（Eur Respir J 2010; 35:987-993）
Parental occupation is a risk factor for childhood wheeze and asthma
N. Tagiyeva1, G. Devereux1, S. Semple1, A. Sherriff2, J. Henderson3, P. Elias4 and J. G. Ayres5
Keywords: Children, flour, jobs, latex, parents, wheezing
The present birth cohort study investigated whether or not childhood wheeze and asthma are associated with parental exposure to occupational sensitisers that cause asthma.
Parental occupation, from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), was related to wheeze, asthma, ventilatory function, airway responsiveness and atopic sensitisation in children aged 0–102 months.
Occupation was recorded for 11,193 mothers and 9,473 fathers antenatally, and for 4,631 mothers and 5,315 fathers post-natally. Childhood respiratory outcomes were not associated with parental occupational exposure to diisocyanates, glues/resins, dyes, animal dust, solder, enzymes and wood dust. Maternal post-natal occupational exposure to latex and/or biocides/fungicides increased the likelihood of childhood wheeze and asthma. High levels of latex or biocide/fungicide exposure were associated with an OR (95% CI) of 1.26 (1.07–1.50) and 1.22 (1.02–2.05), respectively, for wheezing up to 81 months. Combined maternal latex and biocide/fungicide exposure increased the likelihood of childhood wheeze (1.22 (1.03–1.43)) and asthma. High paternal occupational flour dust exposure was associated with an increased likelihood of wheeze after 30 months (2.31 (1.05–5.10)) and asthma by 91 months (3.23 (1.34–7.79)).
Maternal occupational exposure to latex and/or biocides and paternal exposure to flour dust increases the risk of childhood asthma. Further studies in this area are justified
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对重症哮喘进行治疗管理可迅速降低哮喘住院率
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国民收入与自我报告喘息和哮喘诊断的关系—— 世界健康调查报告分析
