成人哮喘发病率与低社会经济水平相关
2010/08/11
背景：低社会－经济水平常与健康问题有关。然而，前期有关哮喘的研究（常为横断面研究）所显示的结果并不一致。本研究基于纵向和横断面数据，旨在成人中研究社会－经济状态与哮喘及呼吸道症状的相关性。
方法：在1996年和2006年两个时间点，采用邮寄问卷方式进行调查。1996年随机选取年龄为20～69岁的研究对象。共计有4479名受访者参与两次调查。问卷调查包括与哮喘、呼吸道症状和与可能的决定因子有关的问题。经过潜在混杂因素矫正后，采用Logistic回归分析，研究哮喘、呼吸道症状和社会－经济状态之间的关系。
结果：对于所有研究的呼吸道症状和哮喘，体力劳动者的患病率和累计发病率均最高。尽管上述疾病的发病率在吸烟者中有显著下降，但吸烟者的支气管症状增加程度高于哮喘和哮喘症状增加程度。低社会－经济状态、鼻炎和哮喘家族史是出现和发生哮喘和呼吸道症状的危险因素。
结论：在此项以纵向人群为基础的调查中，低社会－经济状态与哮喘和呼吸道症状发病风险增加有关。该风险增加在体力劳动者中更为明显。近期一些研究也显示，低社会－经济状态和呼吸道症状相关。我们认为，哮喘并不是一种常见于中、高社会－经济状态人群的疾病。
（陈欣 审校）
Clin Respir J. 2010 Jul;4(3):147-156.
Incidence and prevalence of adult asthma is associated with low socio-economic status.
Ekerljung L, Sundblad BM, Rönmark E, Larsson K, Lundbäck B.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. linda.ekerljung@gu.se
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Low socio-economic status is often related to health problems; however, previous studies on asthma, usually cross-sectional, yield inconsistent results. In this study, longitudinal and cross-sectional data on the association between socio-economic status and asthma as well as respiratory symptoms among adults are presented.
METHODS: A postal questionnaire was sent on two occasions, 1996 and 2006, to a randomly selected sample of subjects aged 20-69 years in 1996. In total, 4479 subjects participated in both surveys. The questionnaire included questions on asthma, respiratory symptoms and possible determinants. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for potential confounders, was used to study the association between asthma, respiratory symptoms and socio-economic status.
RESULTS: Manual workers in service had the highest prevalence and cumulative incidence for all investigated symptoms and asthma. Despite a large decrease in smokers, the increase in incident bronchitic symptoms was higher than the increase of incident asthma and incident asthmatic symptoms. Low socio-economic status, rhinitis and a family history of asthma were risk factors for having and developing asthma and respiratory symptoms.
CONCLUSION: Low socio-economic status is significantly associated with an increased risk for prevalent and incident asthma and respiratory symptoms in this longitudinal population-based survey. The increase in risk was most pronounced in manual workers. Several studies have recently shown an association between low socio-economic status and respiratory symptoms and we conclude that asthma can not be considered as a disease that mainly affects the middle and upper socio-economic classes.
Clin Respir J. 2010 Jul;4(3):147-56.
方法：在1996年和2006年两个时间点，采用邮寄问卷方式进行调查。1996年随机选取年龄为20～69岁的研究对象。共计有4479名受访者参与两次调查。问卷调查包括与哮喘、呼吸道症状和与可能的决定因子有关的问题。经过潜在混杂因素矫正后，采用Logistic回归分析，研究哮喘、呼吸道症状和社会－经济状态之间的关系。
结果：对于所有研究的呼吸道症状和哮喘，体力劳动者的患病率和累计发病率均最高。尽管上述疾病的发病率在吸烟者中有显著下降，但吸烟者的支气管症状增加程度高于哮喘和哮喘症状增加程度。低社会－经济状态、鼻炎和哮喘家族史是出现和发生哮喘和呼吸道症状的危险因素。
结论：在此项以纵向人群为基础的调查中，低社会－经济状态与哮喘和呼吸道症状发病风险增加有关。该风险增加在体力劳动者中更为明显。近期一些研究也显示，低社会－经济状态和呼吸道症状相关。我们认为，哮喘并不是一种常见于中、高社会－经济状态人群的疾病。
（陈欣 审校）
Clin Respir J. 2010 Jul;4(3):147-156.
Incidence and prevalence of adult asthma is associated with low socio-economic status.
Ekerljung L, Sundblad BM, Rönmark E, Larsson K, Lundbäck B.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. linda.ekerljung@gu.se
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Low socio-economic status is often related to health problems; however, previous studies on asthma, usually cross-sectional, yield inconsistent results. In this study, longitudinal and cross-sectional data on the association between socio-economic status and asthma as well as respiratory symptoms among adults are presented.
METHODS: A postal questionnaire was sent on two occasions, 1996 and 2006, to a randomly selected sample of subjects aged 20-69 years in 1996. In total, 4479 subjects participated in both surveys. The questionnaire included questions on asthma, respiratory symptoms and possible determinants. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for potential confounders, was used to study the association between asthma, respiratory symptoms and socio-economic status.
RESULTS: Manual workers in service had the highest prevalence and cumulative incidence for all investigated symptoms and asthma. Despite a large decrease in smokers, the increase in incident bronchitic symptoms was higher than the increase of incident asthma and incident asthmatic symptoms. Low socio-economic status, rhinitis and a family history of asthma were risk factors for having and developing asthma and respiratory symptoms.
CONCLUSION: Low socio-economic status is significantly associated with an increased risk for prevalent and incident asthma and respiratory symptoms in this longitudinal population-based survey. The increase in risk was most pronounced in manual workers. Several studies have recently shown an association between low socio-economic status and respiratory symptoms and we conclude that asthma can not be considered as a disease that mainly affects the middle and upper socio-economic classes.
Clin Respir J. 2010 Jul;4(3):147-56.
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1974～2004年间丹麦青年自我报告哮喘患病率和严重度
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游泳与哮喘：游泳运动员中与呼吸道症状相关的因素
