哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：现有的戒烟干预措施往往未被少数族裔所使用。我们试图了解适用于非洲人、中国人和南亚裔人的调适性戒烟干预措施，以提高对这些促进行为改变的干预措施的认知，评估其对于目标人群的可接受度及有效性。适用于，提高对这些促进行为改变的干预措施的了解，评估目标人群的可接受性和评价戒烟干预措施的有效性。
   方法： 两位评审独立从11个数据库中查找、识别、精确评估和提取了相关研究(1950年1月-2013年4月)。研究质量使用验证仪器(EPHPP和STROBE)进行评估，调适性使用既定的类型学进行独立编码，研究结果进行概括性总结和主题集成。
   结果：23项研究描述了针对非洲裔美国人的调适性干预措施，5项针对中国人，没有针对南亚裔人的研究。6项研究直接比较文化上的适应性和非适应。调适性干预措施对于少数族裔而言更易接受，但这并没有转化为改善戒烟的结果。
   结论：现有的证据已经证明调适性干预措施的可接受性，从伦理上它更适合用于这些人群。但是,没有明显的疗效证据证明调适性干预措施能促进少数族裔戒烟。
 

（刘国梁 审校）
Prev Med. 2013 Sep 27. pii: S0091-7435(13)00359-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.09.014. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Smoking cessation interventions for ethnic minority groups-A systematic review of adapted interventions.
 

Liu JJ, Wabnitz C, Davidson E, Bhopal RS, White M, Johnson MR, Netto G, Sheikh A.
 

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Existing smoking cessation interventions tend to be under utilized by ethnic minority groups. We sought to identify smoking cessation interventions that have been adapted to meet the needs of African-, Chinese- and South Asian-origin populations, to increase understanding of the approaches used to promote behavior change, to assess their acceptability to the target populations, and to evaluate their effectiveness.
METHODS: Two reviewers independently searched for, identified, critically appraised and extracted data from studies identified from 11 databases (Jan 1950-April 2013). Study quality was assessed using validated instruments (EPHPP and STROBE). Adaptations were independently coded using an established typology, and findings descriptively summarized and thematically synthesized.
RESULTS: 23 studies described interventions adapted for African-Americans, and five for Chinese-origin populations. No intervention adapted for South-Asian populations was identified. Six studies directly compared a culturally adapted versus a non-adapted intervention. Adapted interventions were more acceptable to ethnic minority groups, but this did not translate into improvements in smoking cessation outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Given the evidence of greater acceptability of adapted interventions, it may be ethically preferable to use these. There is, however, no clear evidence of the effectiveness of adapted interventions in promoting smoking cessation in ethnic minority groups.
 

Prev Med. 2013 Sep 27. pii: S0091-7435(13)00359-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.09.014. [Epub ahead of print]