哮喘联盟

   摘要
   介绍：怀孕能提供改善健康和预防疾病的机会。我们对在葡萄牙生育的孕妇人口为基础的队列进行研究，以定量分析怀孕期间戒烟的孕妇比例、分娩4年后仍未吸烟的孕妇比例以及这些结果的决定因素。
   方法：我们收集了2005～2006年间葡萄牙波尔图产科单位的出生队列资料，并在平均分娩后4年对所有女性重新评估。本研究共纳入5420名母亲。采访确认基线和随访吸烟状况。采用稳健性泊松回归计算校正患病率和95% CIs。
   结果：总之，怀孕期间47.4%的女性吸烟者进行了戒烟，41.1%减少了吸烟量。分娩后4年，怀孕期戒烟者中32.1%持续未吸烟。老年女性、初产妇、轻度吸烟者、随访期间与伴侣同住者、在记录的怀孕后再次怀孕的女性、母乳喂养大于52周以及子女诊断为哮喘和/或鼻炎的女性更易于保持不吸烟。
   结论：大约一半女性怀孕期间停止吸烟，在这些女性中，大约1/3女性分娩后4年保持不吸烟。如此高的复吸率可能归咎于人们不够了解或怀疑二手烟对儿童的副作用或对尼古丁的生理性和心理性依赖。

 

（刘国梁 审校）
Nicotine Tob Res. 2013 Sep;15(9):1598-607. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntt026. Epub 2013 Mar 18.


 

Long-Term Maintenance of Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: An Analysis of the Birth Cohort Generation XXI.
 

Alves E, Azevedo A, Correia S, Barros H.
 

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Pregnancy affords opportunities for health promotion and disease prevention. We worked with a population-based cohort of women who gave birth in Portugal to quantify the proportion of women who quit smoking during pregnancy, the proportion of these women who continued to abstain 4 years after delivery, and the determinants of these outcomes.
METHODS: A birth cohort was assembled in public maternity units of Porto, Portugal, in 2005-2006, and all women were reevaluated at an average of 4 years after delivery. A total of 5,420 mothers were included in the analysis. Smoking status at baseline and at follow-up was ascertained by interview. Adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% CIs were computed using robust Poisson regression.
RESULTS: Overall, 47.4% of women who smoked ceased smoking and 41.7% reduced cigarette consumption during pregnancy. Four years after delivery, 32.1% of those who stopped smoking during pregnancy continued to abstain. Older women, first-time mothers, light smokers, those who were living with a partner at the time of follow-up, those who became pregnant again after the index pregnancy, those who breast fed for more than 52 weeks, and those with a child diagnosed with asthma and/or rhinitis were more likely to abstain from smoking.
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of all women stopped smoking during pregnancy and, among these, approximately one third continued to abstain 4 years after delivery. The high proportion of relapse may be attributable to poor awareness or skepticism regarding the adverse effects of secondhand smoke on children or physiological and psychological dependence on nicotine.
 

Nicotine Tob Res. 2013 Sep;15(9):1598-607. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntt026. Epub 2013 Mar 18.