戒烟能降低日本男性死亡率：来自日本久山町的研究
2011/08/10
摘要
背景：虽然日本男性的吸烟率是发达国家中最高的，但有关戒烟是否能延长寿命尚无很好的流行病学证据。
方法：共计1083名日本男性入选研究，平均年龄≥40岁。根据吸烟状态对其进行分组，并对这些参与者进行为期18年的随访（1988至2006）。
结果：当前吸烟状态是全因死亡的危险因子：每天吸烟1～19支、20～39支和≥40支的当前吸烟者全因死亡率经多变量校正后分别为1.61 (95% CI 1.16～2.22), 1.56 (95% CI 1.08～2.23)和 3.15 (95% CI 1.59～6.24)。与从不吸烟者相比，既往吸烟者全因死亡风险并不增加。当前吸烟者在戒烟后5年内，其全因死亡风险增加程度逐渐下降，最终降至与从不吸烟者相同的水平。那些戒烟≥10年的吸烟者，其癌症死亡风险降低53%，戒烟<10年的吸烟者，其心血管死亡风险降低56%。
结论：我们的结果显示，即使轻度吸烟也能显著增加日本男性的死亡风险，而在戒烟后死亡风险迅速下降。这些结果表明了戒烟在延长日本男性吸烟者寿命中的重要性。
（陈欣 审校）
Tob Control. 2011 Jun 9. [Epub ahead of print]
Smoking cessation improves mortality in Japanese men: the Hisayama study.
Ikeda F, Ninomiya T, Doi Y, Hata J, Fukuhara M, Matsumoto T, Kiyohara Y.
Source
Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Abstract
Background Although the smoking rate among Japanese men has been the highest in developed countries, the epidemiological evidence about whether smoking cessation can extend their lifespan is not well established.
Methods A total of 1083 Japanese men aged ≥40 years were classified by their smoking status and followed up prospectively for 18 years (1988–2006).
Results Current smoking was a significant risk factor for all-cause death: the multivariate-adjusted HRs of all-cause death for current smokers of 1–19, 20–39 and ≥40 cigarettes per day were 1.61 (95% CI 1.16 to 2.22), 1.56 (95% CI 1.08 to 2.23) and 3.15 (95% CI 1.59 to 6.24), respectively. Former smokers did not have an increased risk of all-cause death compared with never smokers. The excess risk of all-cause death for current smokers tended to decrease within 5 years after smoking cessation, eventually reaching a level almost equivalent to that of never smokers. The risk of cancer death decreased by 53% in subjects who had quit smoking for ≥10 years, while the risk of cardiovascular death decreased by 56% in subjects with the cessation period of <10 years.
Conclusions Our findings suggest that even a modest smoking habit significantly increases the risk of death among Japanese men, and the risk of death diminishes soon after cessation of smoking. These results imply the importance of smoking cessation to extend life in Japanese men.
Tob Control. 2011 Jun 9. [Epub ahead of print]
背景：虽然日本男性的吸烟率是发达国家中最高的，但有关戒烟是否能延长寿命尚无很好的流行病学证据。
方法：共计1083名日本男性入选研究，平均年龄≥40岁。根据吸烟状态对其进行分组，并对这些参与者进行为期18年的随访（1988至2006）。
结果：当前吸烟状态是全因死亡的危险因子：每天吸烟1～19支、20～39支和≥40支的当前吸烟者全因死亡率经多变量校正后分别为1.61 (95% CI 1.16～2.22), 1.56 (95% CI 1.08～2.23)和 3.15 (95% CI 1.59～6.24)。与从不吸烟者相比，既往吸烟者全因死亡风险并不增加。当前吸烟者在戒烟后5年内，其全因死亡风险增加程度逐渐下降，最终降至与从不吸烟者相同的水平。那些戒烟≥10年的吸烟者，其癌症死亡风险降低53%，戒烟<10年的吸烟者，其心血管死亡风险降低56%。
结论：我们的结果显示，即使轻度吸烟也能显著增加日本男性的死亡风险，而在戒烟后死亡风险迅速下降。这些结果表明了戒烟在延长日本男性吸烟者寿命中的重要性。
（陈欣 审校）
Tob Control. 2011 Jun 9. [Epub ahead of print]
Smoking cessation improves mortality in Japanese men: the Hisayama study.
Ikeda F, Ninomiya T, Doi Y, Hata J, Fukuhara M, Matsumoto T, Kiyohara Y.
Source
Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Abstract
Background Although the smoking rate among Japanese men has been the highest in developed countries, the epidemiological evidence about whether smoking cessation can extend their lifespan is not well established.
Methods A total of 1083 Japanese men aged ≥40 years were classified by their smoking status and followed up prospectively for 18 years (1988–2006).
Results Current smoking was a significant risk factor for all-cause death: the multivariate-adjusted HRs of all-cause death for current smokers of 1–19, 20–39 and ≥40 cigarettes per day were 1.61 (95% CI 1.16 to 2.22), 1.56 (95% CI 1.08 to 2.23) and 3.15 (95% CI 1.59 to 6.24), respectively. Former smokers did not have an increased risk of all-cause death compared with never smokers. The excess risk of all-cause death for current smokers tended to decrease within 5 years after smoking cessation, eventually reaching a level almost equivalent to that of never smokers. The risk of cancer death decreased by 53% in subjects who had quit smoking for ≥10 years, while the risk of cardiovascular death decreased by 56% in subjects with the cessation period of <10 years.
Conclusions Our findings suggest that even a modest smoking habit significantly increases the risk of death among Japanese men, and the risk of death diminishes soon after cessation of smoking. These results imply the importance of smoking cessation to extend life in Japanese men.
Tob Control. 2011 Jun 9. [Epub ahead of print]
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有无哮喘诊断的学龄期儿童的早期吸烟状况调查
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中国的戒烟状况：来自中国ITC调查的结果
