儿童与成人哮喘发病率：来自2006-2008年美国行为危险因素调查系统哮喘回访调查的研究结果
2012/02/29
背景：哮喘是一种慢性呼吸系统疾病，美国有约8.2%的哮喘患者（2009），给社会和经济造成了沉重的负担，导致工人缺勤、学生缺课及活动受限，也增加了医疗开支。每年的哮喘患病率一般基于全国性调查获得，但这些调查中常规收集的哮喘发病率相关数据中，并不能用于鉴别哮喘的危险因素和研究哮喘发作的趋势。哮喘回访调查（ACBS）于2006年开始实施，为行为危险因素调查系统（BRFSS）提供了详细的哮喘相关数据。我们通过分析BRFSS和ACBS数据，以估计每年的哮喘发病率，研究哮喘发病率在不同年龄、性别和种族人群中是否存在差异。
方法：收集来自参与BRFSS和ACBS各州2006～2008年的数据（包括2006年24个州和哥伦比亚特区；2007年和2008年34个州和哥伦比亚特区，计算12个月的哮喘发病率。哮喘发病率定义为调查前12个月内健康护理提供者诊断的哮喘患者人数。
结果：具有哮喘风险的成人中，估计的哮喘发病率为3.8/1000，而具有哮喘风险的儿童为12.5/1000。年龄0～4岁的儿童为23.4/1000，这超过年龄12～17岁儿童的5倍(4.4/1000)。成人中，女性发病率是男性的1.8倍（分别为4.9/1000 和 2.8/1000）。非西班牙裔白人成人中，发病率为3.9/1000，非西班牙裔非白人成人为3.2/1000，西班牙裔成人为4.0/1000。
结论：本研究首次将2006-2008年的BRFSS-ACBS数据成功用于估计参与城市和哥伦比亚特区的哮喘发病率。与已知哮喘患病率形式类似的是，我们结果也显示，儿童的哮喘发病率高于成人，年轻儿童发病率高于年长儿童和青少年，女性成人高于男性成人。然而，各种族之间哮喘发病率未见显著差异。由于从ACBS研究能获得额外的数据，这些哮喘发病率数据，与ACBS中有关症状、哮喘自我管理和卫生资源利用的数据一起，将有助于哮喘控制项目中鉴别哮喘发展的危险因素、针对哮喘危险因素进行预防、采取有效的措施控制哮喘。
方法：收集来自参与BRFSS和ACBS各州2006～2008年的数据（包括2006年24个州和哥伦比亚特区；2007年和2008年34个州和哥伦比亚特区，计算12个月的哮喘发病率。哮喘发病率定义为调查前12个月内健康护理提供者诊断的哮喘患者人数。
结果：具有哮喘风险的成人中，估计的哮喘发病率为3.8/1000，而具有哮喘风险的儿童为12.5/1000。年龄0～4岁的儿童为23.4/1000，这超过年龄12～17岁儿童的5倍(4.4/1000)。成人中，女性发病率是男性的1.8倍（分别为4.9/1000 和 2.8/1000）。非西班牙裔白人成人中，发病率为3.9/1000，非西班牙裔非白人成人为3.2/1000，西班牙裔成人为4.0/1000。
结论：本研究首次将2006-2008年的BRFSS-ACBS数据成功用于估计参与城市和哥伦比亚特区的哮喘发病率。与已知哮喘患病率形式类似的是，我们结果也显示，儿童的哮喘发病率高于成人，年轻儿童发病率高于年长儿童和青少年，女性成人高于男性成人。然而，各种族之间哮喘发病率未见显著差异。由于从ACBS研究能获得额外的数据，这些哮喘发病率数据，与ACBS中有关症状、哮喘自我管理和卫生资源利用的数据一起，将有助于哮喘控制项目中鉴别哮喘发展的危险因素、针对哮喘危险因素进行预防、采取有效的措施控制哮喘。
(林江涛 审校)
J Asthma. 2012 Feb;49(1):16-22.
J Asthma. 2012 Feb;49(1):16-22.
Source
Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Chamblee, GA , USA .
Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Chamblee, GA , USA .
Abstract
BACKGROUND：Asthma, a chronic respiratory condition affecting 8.2% of the US population (2009), causes significant societal and economic burden, resulting in missed school/work days, activity limitations, and increased healthcare utilization. Annual asthma prevalence estimates are available from national surveys, but these surveys have not routinely collected asthma incidence data that are important for identifying risk factors and trends in rates of disease onset. The Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS), implemented in 2006, provides detailed asthma data that supplement Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. We analyzed BRFSS and ACBS data to estimate annual asthma incidence and to determine whether these rates differed by age group, sex, and race/ethnicity.
METHODS：BRFSS and ACBS data from the participating states during 2006-2008 (24 states and District of Columbia [DC] in 2006; 34 states and DC in 2007 and 2008) were analyzed to calculate 12-month incidence rates. Incident cases of asthma were defined as people diagnosed with asthma by a healthcare provider within 12 months prior to survey participation.
RESULTS：Estimated asthma incidence among at-risk adults was 3.8/1000, whereas that among at-risk children was 12.5/1000. Incidence among children aged 0-4 years was 23.4/1000, more than five times greater than that among youth aged 12-17 years (4.4/1000). Adult females had 1.8 times greater asthma incidence than adult males (4.9/1000 vs. 2.8/1000, respectively). Incidence among non-Hispanic (NH) White adults was 3.9/1000, among NH non-White adults was 3.2/1000, and among Hispanic adults was 4.0/1000. CONCLUSIONS：This is the first successful application of the BRFSS-ACBS during 2006-2008 to estimate asthma incidence rates from participating states and DC. As with known patterns in asthma prevalence, we found that asthma incidence was higher in children than adults, higher in younger children than older children and adolescents, and higher in adult females than adult males. However, we were unable to identify statistically significant differences in asthma incidence among most race/ethnic groups. As additional data on asthma incidence become available from the ACBS, these rates, coupled with ACBS data on symptoms, asthma self-management practices, and healthcare utilization, may help asthma control programs identify risk factors for disease development and target asthma prevention and control measures to populations most affected.
BACKGROUND：Asthma, a chronic respiratory condition affecting 8.2% of the US population (2009), causes significant societal and economic burden, resulting in missed school/work days, activity limitations, and increased healthcare utilization. Annual asthma prevalence estimates are available from national surveys, but these surveys have not routinely collected asthma incidence data that are important for identifying risk factors and trends in rates of disease onset. The Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS), implemented in 2006, provides detailed asthma data that supplement Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. We analyzed BRFSS and ACBS data to estimate annual asthma incidence and to determine whether these rates differed by age group, sex, and race/ethnicity.
METHODS：BRFSS and ACBS data from the participating states during 2006-2008 (24 states and District of Columbia [DC] in 2006; 34 states and DC in 2007 and 2008) were analyzed to calculate 12-month incidence rates. Incident cases of asthma were defined as people diagnosed with asthma by a healthcare provider within 12 months prior to survey participation.
RESULTS：Estimated asthma incidence among at-risk adults was 3.8/1000, whereas that among at-risk children was 12.5/1000. Incidence among children aged 0-4 years was 23.4/1000, more than five times greater than that among youth aged 12-17 years (4.4/1000). Adult females had 1.8 times greater asthma incidence than adult males (4.9/1000 vs. 2.8/1000, respectively). Incidence among non-Hispanic (NH) White adults was 3.9/1000, among NH non-White adults was 3.2/1000, and among Hispanic adults was 4.0/1000. CONCLUSIONS：This is the first successful application of the BRFSS-ACBS during 2006-2008 to estimate asthma incidence rates from participating states and DC. As with known patterns in asthma prevalence, we found that asthma incidence was higher in children than adults, higher in younger children than older children and adolescents, and higher in adult females than adult males. However, we were unable to identify statistically significant differences in asthma incidence among most race/ethnic groups. As additional data on asthma incidence become available from the ACBS, these rates, coupled with ACBS data on symptoms, asthma self-management practices, and healthcare utilization, may help asthma control programs identify risk factors for disease development and target asthma prevention and control measures to populations most affected.
J Asthma. 2012 Feb;49(1):16-22.
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