普通人群哮喘症状及诊断：来自SHIP数据库的纵向研究结果
2010/11/03
摘要
背景：在过敏症发病率不断增加的大环境下，目前对于哮喘与年龄关系的流行病学研究仍然是讨论的焦点。为了进一步研究哮喘发病率、哮喘症状及其随时间变化特征，我们对来自波美拉尼亚健康研究（SHIP）的数据进行纵向研究。
方法：对4310名20～75岁的研究对象进行标准的哮喘和哮喘症状问卷调查。对研究对象进行5年的随访，其中3300名受试者进行再次检查。问卷调查能描述喘息、胸闷、气短、咳嗽、夜间症状及过去12个月内哮喘、当前用药、目前哮喘状态、基线状态过敏性鼻炎以及纵向净变化。
结果：在基线状态下，当前哮喘发病率为1.8%（95%CI：1.4-2.2），过敏性鼻炎发病率为16.7%（95% CI：15.6-17.9）。16%的哮喘患者未采用药物治疗。随访60个月间，哮喘症状净变化为-2.0%（夜间胸闷下降）至1.2%（夜间咳嗽增加）。当前哮喘患者比例未见明显变化。当前哮喘和症状发生率在年轻个体中较高，而随时间的净变化在36岁以后轻度增加。
结论：尽管过敏性鼻炎患病率较高，但当前哮喘的总体发病率仍然处于低水平。哮喘及哮喘症状发生率及其5年内的净变化与年龄相关。
（苏楠 审校）
J Asthma. 2010 Sep 17. [Epub ahead of print]
Symptoms and diagnosis of asthma in a general population - longitudinal results from the SHIP database.
Schäper C, Gläser S, Obst A, Schmidt CO, Völzke H, Felix SB, Ewert R, Koch B.
Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Intensive Care, Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Abstract
Background. Against the background of an increasing prevalence of allergies, the epidemiology of asthma in relation to age is still a matter of debate. To further clarify the prevalence of asthma, asthmatic symptoms, and their change over time within a population sample, we analyzed longitudinal data from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP).
Methods. Standardized questionnaires for asthma and asthmatic symptoms were available in 4310 individuals aged 20-75 years. The population sample underwent a 5-year follow-up with 3300 subjects reexamined. The questionnaire evaluated estimates to describe the prevalence in wheeze, chest tightness, shortness of breath, coughing, nocturnal symptoms, and asthma attacks in the past 12 months, current medications, current asthma, and nasal allergies at baseline and its longitudinal net change.
Results. The prevalence of current asthma at the baseline study was 1.8% [95% confidence interval (CI 1.4-2.2)], those of nasal allergies 16.7% (95% CI 15.6-17.9). Sixteen percent of asthmatic individuals were not medically treated. The net changes in asthmatic symptoms per 60 months of follow-up ranged between a decrease by 2.0% (chest tightness at night) and an increase by 1.2% (nocturnal attack of coughing). The proportions of subjects with current asthma remained unchanged. The prevalence of current asthma and symptoms was higher in young individuals, whereas the net change over time was slightly increasing at the age of 36 and above.
Conclusion. Despite the fact of a high prevalence of subjects complaining of nasal allergies, the overall prevalence of current asthma remained low over time. The prevalence in asthma and asthmatic symptoms as well as its net changes over 5 years were age dependent.
J Asthma. 2010 Sep 17. [Epub ahead of print]
背景：在过敏症发病率不断增加的大环境下，目前对于哮喘与年龄关系的流行病学研究仍然是讨论的焦点。为了进一步研究哮喘发病率、哮喘症状及其随时间变化特征，我们对来自波美拉尼亚健康研究（SHIP）的数据进行纵向研究。
方法：对4310名20～75岁的研究对象进行标准的哮喘和哮喘症状问卷调查。对研究对象进行5年的随访，其中3300名受试者进行再次检查。问卷调查能描述喘息、胸闷、气短、咳嗽、夜间症状及过去12个月内哮喘、当前用药、目前哮喘状态、基线状态过敏性鼻炎以及纵向净变化。
结果：在基线状态下，当前哮喘发病率为1.8%（95%CI：1.4-2.2），过敏性鼻炎发病率为16.7%（95% CI：15.6-17.9）。16%的哮喘患者未采用药物治疗。随访60个月间，哮喘症状净变化为-2.0%（夜间胸闷下降）至1.2%（夜间咳嗽增加）。当前哮喘患者比例未见明显变化。当前哮喘和症状发生率在年轻个体中较高，而随时间的净变化在36岁以后轻度增加。
结论：尽管过敏性鼻炎患病率较高，但当前哮喘的总体发病率仍然处于低水平。哮喘及哮喘症状发生率及其5年内的净变化与年龄相关。
（苏楠 审校）
J Asthma. 2010 Sep 17. [Epub ahead of print]
Symptoms and diagnosis of asthma in a general population - longitudinal results from the SHIP database.
Schäper C, Gläser S, Obst A, Schmidt CO, Völzke H, Felix SB, Ewert R, Koch B.
Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Intensive Care, Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Abstract
Background. Against the background of an increasing prevalence of allergies, the epidemiology of asthma in relation to age is still a matter of debate. To further clarify the prevalence of asthma, asthmatic symptoms, and their change over time within a population sample, we analyzed longitudinal data from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP).
Methods. Standardized questionnaires for asthma and asthmatic symptoms were available in 4310 individuals aged 20-75 years. The population sample underwent a 5-year follow-up with 3300 subjects reexamined. The questionnaire evaluated estimates to describe the prevalence in wheeze, chest tightness, shortness of breath, coughing, nocturnal symptoms, and asthma attacks in the past 12 months, current medications, current asthma, and nasal allergies at baseline and its longitudinal net change.
Results. The prevalence of current asthma at the baseline study was 1.8% [95% confidence interval (CI 1.4-2.2)], those of nasal allergies 16.7% (95% CI 15.6-17.9). Sixteen percent of asthmatic individuals were not medically treated. The net changes in asthmatic symptoms per 60 months of follow-up ranged between a decrease by 2.0% (chest tightness at night) and an increase by 1.2% (nocturnal attack of coughing). The proportions of subjects with current asthma remained unchanged. The prevalence of current asthma and symptoms was higher in young individuals, whereas the net change over time was slightly increasing at the age of 36 and above.
Conclusion. Despite the fact of a high prevalence of subjects complaining of nasal allergies, the overall prevalence of current asthma remained low over time. The prevalence in asthma and asthmatic symptoms as well as its net changes over 5 years were age dependent.
J Asthma. 2010 Sep 17. [Epub ahead of print]
