纵向分析戒烟特异性社会支持和戒烟
2009/09/17
目的：（1）重复前期研究，即主动戒烟期戒烟特异性社会支持能预测短期和长期戒烟效果；（2）描述戒烟特异性支持的时间相关性变化，包括戒烟中期和后期提供的戒烟支持与戒烟治疗效果的关系。
设计：采用logistic回归分析和方差分析法对3项临床戒烟治疗随机试验的相关数据（N = 739）进行分析。主要结果检测工具为：同伴互动问卷调查表（PIQ; Cohen & Lichtenstein, 1990），并根据7天时点戒烟率来检测吸烟相关的社会支持和吸烟状态。
结果：纵向分析显示，正面支持在第12周达到峰值，随后下降。12周后的正面支持在从未戒烟者、戒烟后复吸者及持续戒烟者间无差异。相反，负面支持则为单相，在随访期可用来区分不同的戒烟效果。
结论：上述结果显示，正面支持和负面支持都是早期戒烟的重要因素，但只有在负面支持连续降至最低程度才能最好地预测戒烟的持续性。
（刘国梁 审校）
Lawhon D, Humfleet GL, Hall SM, et al.
Health Psychol. 2009 Jul;28(4):465-72.
Longitudinal analysis of abstinence-specific social support and smoking cessation.
Lawhon D, Humfleet GL, Hall SM, Muñoz RF, Reus VI.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California.
Objectives: (1) To replicate previous research finding that abstinence-specific social support during the active phase of quitting predicts short- and long-term smoking cessation treatment outcome. (2) To describe time-related changes in abstinence-specific support, including how support provided during middle and later phases of the quitting process is associated with treatment outcome.
Design: Combined data from three randomized clinical trials of smoking cessation treatment (N = 739) were analyzed using logistic regression and analysis of variance. Main Outcome Measures: Measures included the Partner Interaction Questionnaire (PIQ; Cohen & Lichtenstein, 1990), a measure of smoking-related social support, and smoking status according to 7-day point-prevalence abstinence.
Results: Longitudinal analyses found that positive support peaked at week 12, decreasing thereafter. Positive support provided after week 12 did not differentiate between those who never quit smoking, those who quit and relapsed, and those who maintained abstinence. In contrast, negative support was monotonic and was useful at follow-up points for distinguishing between outcome groups.
Conclusion: These results suggest that positive and negative support are both important factors in the early phase of quitting, but it is the continued minimization of negative support that best predicts maintenance of nonsmoking.
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