吸入大麻与哮喘发作的关联：一项基于全国代表性调查数据的分析
2026/04/02
摘要
背景：大麻的使用日益普及。哮喘是一种气道炎症性疾病，可引起一系列呼吸道症状。目前，关于大麻使用对哮喘发作影响的研究极为有限。
研究问题：在美国成年哮喘患者中，吸入大麻与哮喘发作之间有何关联？
研究设计与方法：本研究分析使用了烟草与健康人口评估（PATH）研究的第4至第6波数据，该研究是一项探讨烟草使用及其对健康各方面影响的纵向研究。我们比较了在基线未使用大麻者与吸入可燃大麻、吸入电子传送大麻或两者兼用者（分类变量）在后续随访波次中哮喘发作的情况。哮喘发作的存在定义为过去12个月内自我报告曾使用口服或注射皮质类固醇治疗哮喘发作。采用加权多变量逻辑回归模型进行统计分析，并对基线特征进行了校正。
结果：本研究共纳入4,477名参与者。结果显示，吸入大麻与基线一年后哮喘急性发作率升高显著相关。与非大麻使用者相比，仅吸入可燃大麻产品者（吸烟者，OR = 1.64，95% CI [1.12–2.40]，p < 0.05）、仅使用电子传送产品者（电子烟使用者，OR = 1.81，95% CI [1.06–3.08]，p < 0.05），以及同时使用可燃和电子传送产品者（双重使用者，OR = 1.57，95% CI [1.01–2.45]，p < 0.05），在后续波次中报告哮喘发作的比值比均显著更高。
解读：吸入大麻与基线一年后哮喘发作的风险升高显著相关。鉴于大麻在年轻人中使用日益增多，需要更多研究以更好地理解其对呼吸健康，尤其是其对哮喘预后长期影响。
Association of Inhaling Marijuana with Asthma Attacks: An Analysis of Nationally Representative Survey Data.
Felicia, Tanu; Eric M
Abstrast
BACKGROUND: Marijuana has been increasing in popularity. Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease that can cause a range of respiratory symptoms. Currently, there are extremely limited studies on the effects of marijuana use on asthma attacks.
RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the association between inhaling marijuana and asthma attacks in U.S. asthmatic adults?
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Waves 4-6 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, a longitudinal study examining tobacco use and its impact on various aspects of health, were used for this analysis. We compared the presence of asthma attacks at follow-up waves between individuals who did not use marijuana and those who inhaled combustible marijuana, inhaled electronically delivered marijuana, or did both at their baseline wave (dichotomous variables). Presence of asthma attacks was defined by self-report use of oral or injected corticosteroid to treat an attack in the past 12 months. Statistical analysis was conducted using a weighted multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for baseline characteristics.
RESULTS: In this study involving 4,477 participants, inhaling marijuana was significantly linked to higher rates of asthma exacerbations one year from baseline. Compared with non-marijuana users, marijuana participants who inhaled combustible marijuana products only (smokers; OR = 1.64, 95% CI [1.12-2.40], p < 0.05), electronic products only (vapers; OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.06-3.08], p < 0.05), or both combustible and electronic products (dual users; OR = 1.57, 95% CI [1.01-2.45], p < 0.05) had greater odds of reporting an asthma attack in the subsequent wave.
INTERPRETATION: Inhaling marijuana was significantly linked to a higher risk of asthma attacks from one year baseline. Given the increasing use of marijuana among young adults, more research is needed to better understand its long-term effects on respiratory health, especially asthma outcomes.
背景：大麻的使用日益普及。哮喘是一种气道炎症性疾病，可引起一系列呼吸道症状。目前，关于大麻使用对哮喘发作影响的研究极为有限。
研究问题：在美国成年哮喘患者中，吸入大麻与哮喘发作之间有何关联？
研究设计与方法：本研究分析使用了烟草与健康人口评估（PATH）研究的第4至第6波数据，该研究是一项探讨烟草使用及其对健康各方面影响的纵向研究。我们比较了在基线未使用大麻者与吸入可燃大麻、吸入电子传送大麻或两者兼用者（分类变量）在后续随访波次中哮喘发作的情况。哮喘发作的存在定义为过去12个月内自我报告曾使用口服或注射皮质类固醇治疗哮喘发作。采用加权多变量逻辑回归模型进行统计分析，并对基线特征进行了校正。
结果：本研究共纳入4,477名参与者。结果显示，吸入大麻与基线一年后哮喘急性发作率升高显著相关。与非大麻使用者相比，仅吸入可燃大麻产品者（吸烟者，OR = 1.64，95% CI [1.12–2.40]，p < 0.05）、仅使用电子传送产品者（电子烟使用者，OR = 1.81，95% CI [1.06–3.08]，p < 0.05），以及同时使用可燃和电子传送产品者（双重使用者，OR = 1.57，95% CI [1.01–2.45]，p < 0.05），在后续波次中报告哮喘发作的比值比均显著更高。
解读：吸入大麻与基线一年后哮喘发作的风险升高显著相关。鉴于大麻在年轻人中使用日益增多，需要更多研究以更好地理解其对呼吸健康，尤其是其对哮喘预后长期影响。
（中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科 万静萱 摘译 林江涛 审校）
（Chest 2026 Mar 16;(0). DOI:10.1016/j.chest.2026.03.004. IF: 8.308）
（Chest 2026 Mar 16;(0). DOI:10.1016/j.chest.2026.03.004. IF: 8.308）
Association of Inhaling Marijuana with Asthma Attacks: An Analysis of Nationally Representative Survey Data.
Felicia, Tanu; Eric M
Abstrast
BACKGROUND: Marijuana has been increasing in popularity. Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease that can cause a range of respiratory symptoms. Currently, there are extremely limited studies on the effects of marijuana use on asthma attacks.
RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the association between inhaling marijuana and asthma attacks in U.S. asthmatic adults?
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Waves 4-6 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, a longitudinal study examining tobacco use and its impact on various aspects of health, were used for this analysis. We compared the presence of asthma attacks at follow-up waves between individuals who did not use marijuana and those who inhaled combustible marijuana, inhaled electronically delivered marijuana, or did both at their baseline wave (dichotomous variables). Presence of asthma attacks was defined by self-report use of oral or injected corticosteroid to treat an attack in the past 12 months. Statistical analysis was conducted using a weighted multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for baseline characteristics.
RESULTS: In this study involving 4,477 participants, inhaling marijuana was significantly linked to higher rates of asthma exacerbations one year from baseline. Compared with non-marijuana users, marijuana participants who inhaled combustible marijuana products only (smokers; OR = 1.64, 95% CI [1.12-2.40], p < 0.05), electronic products only (vapers; OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.06-3.08], p < 0.05), or both combustible and electronic products (dual users; OR = 1.57, 95% CI [1.01-2.45], p < 0.05) had greater odds of reporting an asthma attack in the subsequent wave.
INTERPRETATION: Inhaling marijuana was significantly linked to a higher risk of asthma attacks from one year baseline. Given the increasing use of marijuana among young adults, more research is needed to better understand its long-term effects on respiratory health, especially asthma outcomes.
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犬类过敏原与内毒素对肺功能及哮喘的保护作用
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Tezepelumab 治疗依赖性口服皮质类固醇的成人重症、未控制哮喘患者的口服皮质类固醇减量与停用（WAYFINDER
