基于ATLANTIS队列的聚类分析识别不同哮喘表型
2025/12/23
方法:ATLANTIS研究共纳入773名哮喘患者(平均年龄44岁,女性占58%,从未吸烟者占76%,GINA分级1–5级)。对研究对象进行全面评估,包括症状、大小气道功能参数、血液与痰液细胞分类计数,以及来自鼻刷标本的全基因组基因表达谱。采用自组织映射与沃德法相结合的方法进行聚类分析。
结果:共识别出四个不同的聚类表型:A(N = 62;8%),表现为急性加重最频繁,支气管扩张后FEV1占预计值百分比偏低,小气道功能障碍较明显,痰液与血液嗜酸性粒细胞水平较高,哮喘相关基因表达显著上调;B(N = 206;27%),以早发性、特应性哮喘患者为主,症状控制不佳,肺功能及支气管高反应性正常,鼻上皮中哮喘相关基因表达较高;C(N = 277;36%),主要为男性既往吸烟者,哮喘控制良好,存在轻度阻塞性肺疾病,中性粒细胞水平相对较高。D(N = 228;29%),肺功能正常,血液与痰液嗜酸性粒细胞水平较低。
结论:本研究识别出四个特征各异的哮喘表型,其中小气道功能障碍与高水平2型炎症、肺功能下降及频繁急性加重相关。小气道功能障碍可能提示哮喘控制不佳,应被视为重要的临床特征加以关注。
关键词:哮喘;聚类分析;小气道功能障碍;基因表达谱;2型炎症
Abstract
Background: Previous cluster analyses have identified subgroups of asthma. However, only a few studies included parameters of small airways dysfunction (SAD), or gene expression profiles reflecting underlying disease mechanisms. We aimed to identify clinically distinct asthma phenotypes, beyond GINA asthma severity, using available data from the ATLANTIS study which focused on identifying the prevalence of SAD in asthma and its role in asthma control, exacerbations and quality of life.
Methods: The ATLANTIS study included 773 asthma patients (mean age 44 years, 58% female, 76% never-smoker, GINA 1–5). Subjects were extensively characterized, including symptoms, parameters of large and small airways dysfunction, blood and sputum differential cell counts, and genome-wide gene expression profiling from nasal brushes. Clusters were generated using the Self-Organizing Map–Ward's method.
Results:Four distinct clusters were identified: A (N = 62; 8%) characterized by the most frequent exacerbations, lower post-bronchodilator FEV1 % predicted, more small airways dysfunction, higher sputum and blood eosinophils, and high expression of asthma-related genes. B (N = 206; 27%) consisting of atopic patients with early-onset asthma, uncontrolled symptoms, and normal lung function and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, along with a high expression of asthma-related genes in the nasal epithelium. C (N = 277; 36%), predominantly male former smokers, with well-controlled asthma, mild obstructive lung disease, and relatively high neutrophil levels. D (N = 228; 29%), with normal lung function and low blood and sputum eosinophils.
Conclusion:Four distinct clusters were identified, where the presence of SAD was associated with high type-2 inflammation, lower lung function, and frequent exacerbations. SAD may be a marker of poorly controlled asthma and should be considered as an important clinical trait.
Key words: Asthma; cluster analysis; small airway dysfunction (SAD); gene expression profiling; type-2 inflammation
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利用自然语言处理提取哮喘症状并探讨其与成人轻度哮喘急性加重的关联
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基于无监督方法识别哮喘症状亚型以支持可治疗特征策略









