摘要
背景：缺乏纵向流行病学数据来研究儿童饮食模式与呼吸系统结果之间的关系。我们调查了儿童中期的三种不同饮食模式是否与青少年的肺功能和哮喘发病有关。
方法：在Avon父母与儿童纵向研究中，通过对7岁时的食物频率问卷进行主成分分析，确定了 "加工"、"传统 "和 "健康意识 "的饮食模式。支气管扩张后1秒内的强制呼气容积（FEV1）、强制生命力（FVC）和FVC的25-75%的强制呼气流量（FEF25-75）是在15.5岁时测量的，并根据全球肺功能倡议曲线转换为z-cores。事件性哮喘的定义是11或14岁时医生诊断为哮喘的新病例。
结果：在多变量调整模型中，"健康意识 "模式与FEV1（比较模式得分最高与最低四分之一的回归系数为0.16，95%CI为0.01至0.31，P=0.04）和FVC（0.18，95%CI为0.04至0.33，P=0.02）呈正相关，而 "加工 "模式与FVC呈负相关（- 0.17，95%CI为- 0.33至- 0.01，P=0.03）。健康意识 "和 "加工 "模式与肺功能之间的关联被SCGB1A1和GPX4基因多态性所改变。我们没有发现 "传统 "模式与肺功能之间有关联的证据，也没有发现任何模式与FEF25-75或发生哮喘之间有关联。
结论：儿童中期的“健康意识”饮食与较高的后续肺功能相关，而高加工食品的饮食与较低的肺功能相关.
Dietary patterns, lung function and asthma in childhood: a longitudinal study
Talaei, M., Emmett, P. M., Granell, R., Tabatabaeian, H., Northstone, K., Bergström, A., & Shaheen, S. O.
Abstract
BACKGROUND：Longitudinal epidemiological data are scarce examining the relationship between dietary patterns and respiratory outcomes in childhood. We investigated whether three distinct dietary patterns in mid-childhood were associated with lung function and incident asthma in adolescence.
METHODS:In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, 'processed', 'traditional', and 'health-conscious' dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis from food frequency questionnaires at 7 years of age. Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of FVC (FEF25-75) were measured at 15.5 years and were transformed to z-scores based on the Global Lung Function Initiative curves. Incident asthma was defined by new cases of doctor-diagnosed asthma at age 11 or 14 years.
RESULTS:In multivariable-adjusted models, the 'health-conscious' pattern was positively associated with FEV1 (regression coefficient comparing top versus bottom quartile of pattern score 0.16, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.31, P for trend 0.04) and FVC (0.18, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.33, P for trend 0.02), while the 'processed' pattern was negatively associated with FVC (- 0.17, 95% CI - 0.33 to - 0.01, P for trend 0.03). Associations between the 'health-conscious' and 'processed' patterns and lung function were modified by SCGB1A1 and GPX4 gene polymorphisms. We found no evidence of an association between the 'traditional' pattern and lung function, nor between any pattern and FEF25-75 or incident asthma.
CONCLUSION:A 'health-conscious' diet in mid-childhood was associated with higher subsequent lung function, while a diet high in processed food was associated with lower lung function.
背景：缺乏纵向流行病学数据来研究儿童饮食模式与呼吸系统结果之间的关系。我们调查了儿童中期的三种不同饮食模式是否与青少年的肺功能和哮喘发病有关。
方法：在Avon父母与儿童纵向研究中，通过对7岁时的食物频率问卷进行主成分分析，确定了 "加工"、"传统 "和 "健康意识 "的饮食模式。支气管扩张后1秒内的强制呼气容积（FEV1）、强制生命力（FVC）和FVC的25-75%的强制呼气流量（FEF25-75）是在15.5岁时测量的，并根据全球肺功能倡议曲线转换为z-cores。事件性哮喘的定义是11或14岁时医生诊断为哮喘的新病例。
结果：在多变量调整模型中，"健康意识 "模式与FEV1（比较模式得分最高与最低四分之一的回归系数为0.16，95%CI为0.01至0.31，P=0.04）和FVC（0.18，95%CI为0.04至0.33，P=0.02）呈正相关，而 "加工 "模式与FVC呈负相关（- 0.17，95%CI为- 0.33至- 0.01，P=0.03）。健康意识 "和 "加工 "模式与肺功能之间的关联被SCGB1A1和GPX4基因多态性所改变。我们没有发现 "传统 "模式与肺功能之间有关联的证据，也没有发现任何模式与FEF25-75或发生哮喘之间有关联。
结论：儿童中期的“健康意识”饮食与较高的后续肺功能相关，而高加工食品的饮食与较低的肺功能相关.
(中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科 沈焜路 摘译 林江涛 审校)
(Respir Res. 2023 Mar 16. DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02383-9)
(Respir Res. 2023 Mar 16. DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02383-9)
Dietary patterns, lung function and asthma in childhood: a longitudinal study
Talaei, M., Emmett, P. M., Granell, R., Tabatabaeian, H., Northstone, K., Bergström, A., & Shaheen, S. O.
Abstract
BACKGROUND：Longitudinal epidemiological data are scarce examining the relationship between dietary patterns and respiratory outcomes in childhood. We investigated whether three distinct dietary patterns in mid-childhood were associated with lung function and incident asthma in adolescence.
METHODS:In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, 'processed', 'traditional', and 'health-conscious' dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis from food frequency questionnaires at 7 years of age. Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of FVC (FEF25-75) were measured at 15.5 years and were transformed to z-scores based on the Global Lung Function Initiative curves. Incident asthma was defined by new cases of doctor-diagnosed asthma at age 11 or 14 years.
RESULTS:In multivariable-adjusted models, the 'health-conscious' pattern was positively associated with FEV1 (regression coefficient comparing top versus bottom quartile of pattern score 0.16, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.31, P for trend 0.04) and FVC (0.18, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.33, P for trend 0.02), while the 'processed' pattern was negatively associated with FVC (- 0.17, 95% CI - 0.33 to - 0.01, P for trend 0.03). Associations between the 'health-conscious' and 'processed' patterns and lung function were modified by SCGB1A1 and GPX4 gene polymorphisms. We found no evidence of an association between the 'traditional' pattern and lung function, nor between any pattern and FEF25-75 or incident asthma.
CONCLUSION:A 'health-conscious' diet in mid-childhood was associated with higher subsequent lung function, while a diet high in processed food was associated with lower lung function.
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