哮喘患者诱导痰中巨噬细胞的多样性和活化:对疾病严重程度和炎症表型的作用

2021/05/19

   摘要
   背景:巨噬细胞控制固有免疫和获得性免疫,但它们在重症哮喘中的作用仍不清楚。我们调查了来自U-BIOPRED队列中的104例哮喘患者和16例健康志愿者的痰中巨噬细胞亚型的基因特征。
   方法:使用基因集变异分析研究了49个差异刺激巨噬细胞的基因特征(模块),一个模块用于评估肺组织驻留细胞(TR-Mφ),另两个用于评估极化(分别为经典活化与选择性活化的巨噬细胞:M1和M2)。我们计算了哮喘严重程度和先前确定的哮喘转录组相关类簇(transcriptome-associated clusters, TAC)的富集得分(enrichment scores,ES)。
   结果:与轻-中度哮喘和健康志愿者相比,重症哮喘中巨噬细胞数量显著减少。在重症哮喘中,除了3个相关通路:与TNF和通过NF-κB的Toll样受体驱动的炎症反应,脂氧合酶途径的类花生酸生物合成和IL-2的生物合成,其余大多数模块的ES显著降低(所有P <.01)。与TAC1和TAC2哮喘患者相比,TAC3组的痰中巨噬细胞数量和大多数巨噬细胞标志的ES更高。然而,在TAC1中发现了3个模块的高度富集,这些模块显示了与Toll样和TNF受体激活及花生四烯酸代谢相关的炎性途径(P <.001),在TAC2中发现了炎性小体和干扰素信号传导途径(P <.001)。数据在ADEPT队列中进行了验证。与常规的M1和M2分类相比,模块分析提供了更多信息。TR-Mφ富含TAC3,并与线粒体功能有关。
   结论:重症寡粒细胞型哮喘中巨噬细胞的激活减弱,除了可分为不同炎性途径为特征的特定亚群,也突出了其固有免疫的缺陷。

 
(刘蕾1 张红萍1 王刚四川大学华西医院中西医结合科呼吸病组 610041 摘译)
(Allergy. 2021 Mar;76(3):775-788.)


 
 
Sputum macrophage diversity and activation in asthma: Role of severity and inflammatory phenotype
 
Tiotiu A, Zounemat Kermani N, Badi Y, Pavlidis S, Hansbro PM, Guo YK, Chung KF, Adcock IM; U-BIOPRED consortium project team. Allergy. 2021 Mar;76(3):775-788.

Abstract
Background: Macrophages control innate and acquired immunity, but their role in severe asthma remains ill-defined. We investigated gene signatures of macrophage subtypes in the sputum of 104 asthmatics and 16 healthy volunteers from the U-BIOPRED cohort.
Methods: Forty-nine gene signatures (modules) for differentially stimulated macrophages, one to assess lung tissue-resident cells (TR-Mφ) and two for their polarization (classically and alternatively activated macrophages: M1 and M2, respectively) were studied using gene set variation analysis. We calculated enrichment scores (ES) across severity and previously identified asthma transcriptome-associated clusters (TACs).
Results: Macrophage numbers were significantly decreased in severe asthma compared to mild-moderate asthma and healthy volunteers. The ES for most modules were also significantly reduced in severe asthma except for 3 associated with inflammatory responses driven by TNF and Toll-like receptors via NF-κB, eicosanoid biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway and IL-2 biosynthesis (all P < .01). Sputum macrophage number and the ES for most macrophage signatures were higher in the TAC3 group compared to TAC1 and TAC2 asthmatics. However, a high enrichment was found in TAC1 for 3 modules showing inflammatory pathways linked to Toll-like and TNF receptor activation and arachidonic acid metabolism (P < .001) and in TAC2 for the inflammasome and interferon signalling pathways (P < .001). Data were validated in the ADEPT cohort. Module analysis provides additional information compared to conventional M1 and M2 classification. TR-Mφ were enriched in TAC3 and associated with mitochondrial function.
Conclusions: Macrophage activation is attenuated in severe granulocytic asthma highlighting defective innate immunity except for specific subsets characterized by distinct inflammatory pathways.

 


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