哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：电子烟已得到广泛的普及，但关于其生理作用的知识仍然微乎其微。这项研究的目的是评估电子烟烟雾的单次暴露对咳嗽反射敏感性的影响。
   方法：纳入30例健康的非吸烟者，采用辣椒碱激发咳嗽，于基线、暴露于电子烟15分钟和24小时后（吸30次间隔30秒）进行了咳嗽反射敏感性测定。咳嗽激发点为C5，即诱导≥5次咳嗽的辣椒碱浓度。计算了每次电子烟吸入诱导的咳嗽次数。一个受试者亚组（n=8）随后使用不含尼古丁的电子烟进行了同样的试验。
   结果：使用电子烟15分钟后，咳嗽反射敏感性被显著抑制（C5增大）（-0.29，95％CI（-0.43）-（-0.15），P <0.0001）；24小时后C5回到基线（0.24，95％CI 0.10-0.38， 相比于15分钟后的值，P = 0.0002）。8例受试者的亚组表明：暴露于不含尼古丁电子烟后，咳嗽反射抑制的最大程度并没有受到抑制（尼古丁ΔC5 vs. 不含尼古丁装置ΔC5，P=0.0078）。此外，相对于不含尼古丁的装置，含尼古丁装置诱发了更多的咳嗽（p= 0.0156）。
   结论：接近于一卷香烟尼古丁暴露量的单次电子烟使用，显著抑制咳嗽反射敏感性。受试者亚组的探索性分析表明尼古丁是导致该结果的主要原因。与以前的尼古丁影响的研究相一致，我们的数据表明了尼古丁的双重作用：直接外周促咳效应和延迟中枢镇咳效应。
 

（苏欣 审校）
Chest. 2015 Aug 20. doi: 10.1378/chest.15-0817. [Epub ahead of print]

 

EFFECT OF ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE USE ON COUGH REFLEX SENSITIVITY.
 

Dicpinigaitis PV, Lee Chang A, Dicpinigaitis AJ, Negassa A.
 

Abstract
BACKGROUND:Electronic cigarettes have attained widespread popularity, yet knowledge of their physiological effects remains minimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single exposure to electronic cigarette vapor on cough reflex sensitivity.
METHODS:30 healthy nonsmokers underwent cough reflex sensitivity measurement employing capsaicin cough challenge at baseline, 15 minutes, and 24 hours after electronic cigarette exposure (30 puffs 30 seconds apart). The endpoint of cough challenge is C5, the concentration of capsaicin inducing ≥5 coughs. The number of coughs induced by each electronic cigarette inhalation was counted. A subgroup of subjects (n=8) subsequently underwent an identical protocol with a non-nicotine-containing electronic cigarette.
RESULTS:Cough reflex sensitivity was significantly inhibited (C5 increased) 15 minutes after electronic cigarette use (-0.29, 95% CI (-0.43)-(-0.15), ( p<0.0001); 24 hours later C5 returned to baseline (0.24, 95% CI 0.10-0.38, p=0.0002 vs. post-15-minute value). A subgroup of 8 subjects demonstrating the largest degree of cough reflex inhibition had no suppression after exposure to a non-nicotine-containing electronic cigarette (p=0.0078 for comparison of ΔC5 after nicotine vs. non-nicotine device). Furthermore, more coughing was induced by the nicotine-containing vs.non-nicotine-containing device (p=0.0156).
CONCLUSIONS:A single session of electronic cigarette use, approximating nicotine exposure of one tobacco cigarette, induces significant inhibition of cough reflex sensitivity. Exploratory analysis of a subgroup of subjects suggests that nicotine is responsible for this observation. Our data, consistent with previous studies of nicotine effect, suggest a dual action of nicotine: an immediate, peripheral protussive effect and a delayed central antitussive effect.
 

Chest. 2015 Aug 20. doi: 10.1378/chest.15-0817. [Epub ahead of print]