哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：通过调节可选择的环境因素暴露而在芬兰量化实现哮喘的减少。
   方法：使用生命量表法对1986年至2040年间的芬兰人群进行研究，评估由哮喘和下述选择性暴露所导致的伤残损失健康生命年：烟草烟雾（吸烟和二手烟草烟雾）、周围的微粒、室内潮湿和发霉以及宠物。
   结果：在基线（2011），总哮喘负担的大约25％归因于所选择的暴露。禁止烟草是最有效的减缓行动，可使哮喘负担降低6％；潮湿和霉菌暴露减少50％并同时减少宠物暴露，可使哮喘负担降低2%。禁止城市小规模的木材燃烧，能降低微粒暴露，使总哮喘负担减少不到1％。组合最有效的减缓行动可使总哮喘负担减少10％。更可行的组合减缓行动导致哮喘负担减少6％。
   结论：在芬兰，调节环境暴露可使哮喘负担减少10％。
 

（杨冬 审校）
 Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Jun 9;12(6):6506-6522.

Environmental Asthma Reduction Potential Estimates for Selected Mitigation Actions in Finland Using a Life Table Approach.
 

Rumrich IK1, Hänninen O2.
 

Abstract
AIMS:To quantify the reduction potential of asthma in Finland achievable by adjusting exposures to selected environmental factors.
METHODS:A life table model for the Finnish population for 1986-2040 was developed and Years Lived with Disability caused by asthma and attributable to the following selected exposures were estimated: tobacco smoke (smoking and second hand tobacco smoke), ambient fine particles, indoor dampness and mould, and pets.
RESULTS:At baseline (2011) about 25% of the total asthma burden was attributable to the selected exposures. Banning tobacco was the most efficient mitigation action, leading to 6% reduction of the asthmaburden. A 50% reduction in exposure to dampness and mould as well as a doubling in exposure to pets lead each to a 2% reduction. Ban of urban small scale wood combustion, chosen as a mitigation action to reduce exposure to fine particles, leads to a reduction of less than 1% of the total asthma burden. Combination of the most efficient mitigation actions reduces the total asthma burden by 10%. A more feasible combination of mitigation actions leads to 6% reduction of the asthma burden.
CONCLUSIONS:The adjustment of environmental exposures can reduce the asthma burden in Finland by up to 10%.

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Jun 9;12(6):6506-6522.